The optical splitter is an optical fiber splitter, also known as a "non-wavelength selective optical branching device", an optical fiber device used to realize the power splitting and redistribution function of optical signals in a specific band. It is mainly used to couple, branch, and distribute optical signals in the optical network system. The optical splitter can be used as an independent device in OLT  node, optical distribution point, user access point, and can also be placed in other central office wiring facilities, optical distribution points and user access point facilities (integrated design or available Plug-in)

use. It is one of the most important passive components in the optical fiber link. It is an optical fiber tandem device with multiple input ends and multiple output ends. M×N is often used to indicate that a splitter has M input ends and N outputs end. Optical splitters used in optical fiber CATV systems are generally 1×2, 1×3, and 1×N optical splitters composed of them.

2. Classification 

  (1) According to the manufacturing process, the optical splitter can be divided into two types: FBT Splitter and PLC Splitter. Fused bi-conical optical fiber splitter the fusion taper technology is to bundle two or more optical fibers together, and then melt and stretch them on the taper machine, and monitor the split ratio in real time. When the requirements are met, the melting and stretching ends, one end of which retains an optical fiber (the rest is cut off) as the input end, and the other end is the multiple output end. At present, the mature tapering process can only pull less than 1×4 at a time. For devices larger than 1×4, use multiple 1×2 connections. It is packaged in a splitter box as a whole.

PLC Optical Power Splitter  planar optical waveguide technology uses semiconductor technology to make optical waveguide branching devices. The branching function is completed on the chip, which can achieve up to 1X32 or more branching on a chip. Then, on the chip two

The ends are respectively coupled to package the input end and the output end of the multi-channel optical fiber array.   

(2) According to the principle, the optical splitter can be divided into two types: fused taper type (FBT) and planar waveguide type (PLC);    

(3) Optical splitter can be divided into port form, including X-shaped (2x2) coupler, Y-shaped (1x2) coupler, star (NxN, N>2) coupler and tree-shaped (1xN,  N>2) ) Coupler, etc.   

(4) Optical splitters can be divided into equal splitting devices and non-equal splitting devices according to the splitting ratio.

3. The specific structure of the optical splitter can include the following 5 types:    

(1) The input and output sides of the optical splitter are provided with connectors (connector-type optical splitters).  

(2) The input and output sides of the optical splitter are provided with pigtails (pigtail type optical splitter).   

(3) The input side of the optical splitter provides a fusion splicing unit, and the output side provides a connector (connector-type fusion-matched integrated optical splitter). (4) The input side of the optical splitter is provided with a fusion splicing unit, and the output side is provided with a pigtail (pigtail type fusion and distribution integrated optical splitter).

(5) The input and output sides of the optical splitter are provided with fusion splicing units (fusion splicing integrated optical splitter)